And heating eange



(No Model) 3 SheetsSheet 1.

A. P. BROOMELL. COMBINED 000mm AND HEATING RANGE.

No. 445,037 Patented Jan. 20,1891.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 2. A. P. BROOMELL. COMBINED COOKING AND HEATING RANGE.

. Pa-tentedJan. 20,1891.

(No Model.)

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(No Model.) 3 Sheebs-Sheet 3. A. P. BROOMELL.

COMBINED COOKING AND HEATING RANGE.

Patented Jan. 20, 1891 mi'nesow STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT l". BROOMELL, OF YORK, PENNSYLVANIA.

CQMBENED COOKING AND HEATING RANGE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 445,037, dated January 20, 1891.

Application filed September 20, 1890. Serial l-To. 365,588. (No model.)

T0 00% whom it may concern.-

Be it known that l, ALBERT I. l-lnooMELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at York, in the county of York and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Cooking and Heating Ranges, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to combined cooking and heating apparatus; and the invention consists in a novel. construction of the apparatus, whereby it can be used both as a cook stove or range and as a water-heater, as hereinafter more fully described.

Figure l is an elevation in perspective of the apparatus complete and ready for use. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section of the same 011 the line u. n; of Fig. 3, and Fig. 3 is a similar sectional view on the line .2 z of Fig. 2. Figs. 4, 5, and (3 are views illustrating a modification of the construction of the water heater.

As is well known, a large portion of the heat generated in cook stoves and ranges passes off up the chimney and is lost. It is very desirable to utilize this waste heat in warming the various rooms of the building, and at the same time not interfere with the capacityor utilityof the cooking apparatus in other words, to produce a cook stove or range which, while performing fully its function as a cook stove or range, shall at the same time serve as a means for heating the other rooms of the building in whole or in part. It is to accomplish these results that my invention is designed. In order to do this I combine with a cook stove or range a waterheater so constructed and arranged as to present a large heating-surface, on which the escaping gases of combustion and smoke shall operate to heat the water within, and which can then be carried by pipes to coils or radiators located in the other rooms of the building and be made to warm them, the same as in the case of ordinary water-heaters n which a separate fire is used for that purpose.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of my improved apparatus comp1ete,and in which Aindicates the fire-box, thetop of which is provided with two or more holes and lids, as is usualin cook stoves and ranges. In order to adapt this to the varying wants of summer and winter, I

ranged to project down between the grate- I 'bars, preferably one at each side, and are provided with a hole for the reception of a bent rod or poker, by which the brick D can be shoved back to enlarge the fire-box for use in winter or be drawn forward to reduce its size or capacity for use in summer. It is obvious that instead of making this movable part of fire-brick it might be made of iron; but as that would have to be protected by fire-brick on its front I prefer to make it of fire-brick.

As indicated by the line near its front, it

may be made in two parts for convenience in renewing the front part when necessary. For summer use, when but little heat is required, it will be drawn forward to the position shown in full lines in Fig. 2, and in winter it may be shoved back to the position shown in dotted lines, in which case it will be seen that the fire-box will extend back about half-way under the water-tubes n, and that it may be moved to any intermediate position desired, thus varying the heating capacityof the firebox to varying conditions of the weather during all the seasons of the year.

As shown in Figs. 2 and 4:, an oven F is located in the front portion of the elevated part B, the same as in the ordinary elevated-oven *anges, a heat and smoke flue J being formed by plates, and which extend from the firebox up, under, around, and over the oven, as shown clearly in Figs. 2 and 4-. This line is provided with a damper c, as shown in Fig. 9, so that when desired the heat and smoke can be shut olf from the oven and be made to pass backward under and up around the watertubes as hereinafter more fully described.

When the brick Dis shoved back, the heat and smoke will have a free passage under the edge of the vertical plate 2', and to enable it to pass that way in whole or in part when the brick is drawn forward, a hole is made in plate 2' near its bottom, and a sliding damper dis provided by which this hole can be opened or closed at will, as indicated in Fig. 2. By this means the heat can bethrown nnderthe water-heater when the fire-box is reduced to its smallest capacity, thus enabling the water to be heated in summer to be drawn off for washing or other use, and also to warm the rooms sufficiently to remove the chill therefrom morning and evening in the spring and fall, and when but little heat is required in the room where the apparatus is located or at times when the oven is not being used.

The front grate aconsists of a series of vertical bars, as representedin Fig. 1,thcir lower 7 ends beinga short distance above the bottom grate I), thus leaving a space for the insertion of a poker to rake out the clinker, stir up the fire and ashes, the latter falling through the grate 1) into the ash-pit below.

If desired, the front portion of the grate 1'), either the whole or a part of its width, may be made separate from the rest and be arranged to slide to and fro, or to be tipped on journals for shaking out the ashes; but as these constructions are well known I have not.

shown them.

In order to ventilate the oven and also to convey heat thereto, I locate in smoke-flue under the oven any desired number of small pipes f, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, one end of these pipes opening out through the front wall just overthe top plate of the fire-box and their opposite ends opening into the oven, and preferably having a perforated cap placed over them, as indicated, to prevent articles .from accidentally getting into them. At the top the oven is provided with a corresponding number of holes g, also covered with perforated caps, as shown in Fig. 2. By these means not only is the oven ventilated, but as the air which enters these tubes is taken from over the hot top of the fire-box it is hot, and in passing through the heated tubes is still further heated, and thus the hot air which enters the oven through these pipes aids in heating the oven, and being highly heated in the tubes it enters the oven with considerable force, thus giving a forced ventilation of the oven.

Sliding registers are arranged under both the oven-doors and the doors of the fire-box, as shown in Fig. 1, to regulate the draft, and to the front wall over the fire-box I secure at each side a swinging bracket supporting a shelf, upon which to place any article desired, one only of said brackets being shown in place in Fig. 1. The doors of the fire-box are made to slide in suitable ways or grooves, and the oven-doors may be arranged in the same manner, so as not to interfere With a dish or article set on the bracket-shelves; but as these shelves can be swung around out of the way of the oven-doors I have represented the latter as being hinged in the usual manner.

The water-heater, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, is made by making the side walls B hollow, as shown in Fig. 2., and which may be extended so as to include the side walls of the fire-box A, if desired. These two hollow'walls B are connected at the back side from their bottom upward by a number of tubes C", open at both ends to permit the water to flow freely from one side to the other, and thus equalize itself in the two sides, thereturn-pipe C, Fig. 1, connecting with the water-space on one or both sides at a point opposite or near the lowermost of these tubes 0. Above these tubes C each side wall 13 is provided with a series of rows of horizontal tubes n of such a length as to project horizontally nearly across to the opposite wall, as represented in Figs. 3 and .5, there being sufficient space left etween their ends and the opposite wall to form a flue for the smoke and heat. These tubes n are closed at their outer ends, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5, and of course will be filled with water from the side spaces. In order to produce or facilitate a circulation of the water within these tubes n, I place loosely within each of them a smaller tube 0, the outerends of which are bent downward in the water-space of the side walls, as shown clearly in Fig. 3 The coldest water being at the bottom and rising as it becomes heated will enter the outeropen ends of these tubes 0, and passing out at their inner ends within the tubes at will flow outward through tubes it into the water-space in the side walls, thus securing a free circulation in the horizontal tubes at.

It is obvious that the tubes 0 may be fastened in place, if desired; but I prefer to arrange them as shown, as by this arrangement there are no fastening devices to obstruct the flow of the water within the tubes and they be upon the bottom of the tubes n, thereby leaving an unobstructed space above them within the tubesn for the heated water which naturally rises to flow out. It will readilybe seen that these tubes 0, which are inserted when the tubes n are screwed in, cannot get out of place after the tubes 4?. are once fastened in position.

As shown clearly in Fig. 2, the rows of tubes n in one side wall are located higher or lower than the rows which project from the opposite wall, and on each of these rows of tubes n I lay a baffle-plate m,as shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4, thus forming a zigzag fine for the heat and smoke, by which it is made to pass to and fro crosswise of the body under the several rows of tubes from the bottom to the top, where it finally enters a smoke-pipe, as indicated by the arrows'in Fig. 3. The uppermost row of tubes h, as shown in Fig. 3, extends from wall to wall the same as do the tubes C at the bottom and for the same purpose to permit the water from the two sides to mingle and equalize itself. The outlet pipe or pipes O at the top are connected with these upper tubes h, as shown in Fig. 2, in case it be desired to arrange them at the front or rear; but if arranged at the sides then they may connect with the water-space in the side walls. As,however, it will often be desirable IIO to set the heater within the fire-place the same as elevated oven-ranges are, I prefer to make the connection at the front, as there would not be room at the sides, and the connections in front are where they can be more conveniently reached in making the connections with the radiators in the various rooms of the building. By this arrangement of the water-tubes and battle-plates it will be seen not only that the heat is made to come in contact with the tubes throughout the entire passage from bottom to top, and which is along and circuitous passage without any reverse or down draft to obstruct the flow of the heat and smoke,but in addition thereto that the heat is applied practically to the entire surface of each and all of the tubes n, the point of contact between the upper surface of these tubes and the bathe-plates 177. being, as it were, a mere line. The heat and smoke as it passes upward through the space at the end of a IOW of these tubes will impinge upon the under side of the row of tubes and the baffie-plate above at their inner ends encircling the tubes, except at the point where touched by the bathe-plate, and pass thence lengthwise of the tubes, thus applying the heat uniformly to their entire surface throughout the entire series. In this way I secure a very large heating-surface, and by the to-and-fro passage of the heat and smoke hold it in contact with this extended surface until the heat is utilized to the utmost extent possible.

In Figs. 4-, 5, and 6 I have shown a modification of the construction of the water-heater. Instead of the hollow side walls B, I use a series of vertical tubes H, set side by side, into which the horizontal tubes 12 are screwed. These vertical tubes II are each provided with a square base I, as shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 6, and which may be connected in any suitable manner. I prefer, however, to connect them by a continuous pipe T, as shown in Fig. 6, this pipe having holesin it connecting with the Water-space within each base, as shown, by which means the water-space Within all the tubes H is connected or made continuous similar to that within the hollow walls. The manner of rendering the joints where this pipe T passes through the walls of the several bases I tight will form the subject of a separate application, and is therefore not described herein. It suffices to say that the joints are rendered water-tight, and that so far as this application is concerned these tubes H may be connected by nipples provided with right and left hand screw-threads, as is common in radiators and similar structures, or in anyknown manner. The sections on opposite sides will be connected by crosstubes at top and bottom. One great advantage of this construction that the size of the water-heater can be varied to any extent desired to adapt it to different-sized houses by using a greater or less number of these vertical tubes, and as they are all duplicates it avoids the expense of additional patterns,

it only being necessary to provide a number of different-sized fire-boxes and bases or frames in rear for the support of these waterheaters. \Vhen thus constructed, the waterheater as a whole will of course be inclosed or surrounded by a casing or jacket, which may be of cast or sheet iron, as is found most convenient. In all cases where it is desired to set the apparatus out in the room like an ordinary cook-stove, whether the tubes or the hollow walls be used, the part composing the water-heater will be inclosed by a sheet-iron jacket, as is usual with portable boilers and heaters, to prevent theyadiation of heat in the room where it is located, and if found necessary the space between this jacket and the body of the heater maybe filled with asbestos, mineral wool, or other noncondueting material.

I propose to make the apparatus of various sizes to adapt. them to both large and small houses, and thus make one fire answer not only for cooking, but also for heating the house, and even in those cases where the the size of the. building is such that itcannot be made to heat it all, it will still suffice to heat the greater portion of the rooms, while the others can be heated by a separate apparatus of any kind desired. It will be of especial advantage to farmers and all families which do have their houses heated throughout,as its capacity is designed to be sufficient to heat any ordinary-sized house, thus doing away with the necessity of a furnace or other sep' rate fire for heating purposes only.

By providing a draw-off cook it, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, hot water can be drawn from it for all ordinary purposes, the connection being preferably made near the top, where the water will be the hottest, the pipe being run so as to locate the cock over a sink or wherever desired.

It will of course be understood that the heater will be connected with a tank or other water-supply so as to keep it always full of water. The location of the radiators and the pipe-connections will of course be the same as in other cases of heating by water, and as they must vary with the location of the rooms, and as that is a matter well understood by persons familiar with that business,.it is unnecessary to describe it herein.

The operation of the apparatus and its advantages are so apparent as to not require additional description, the main points being the making of one fire serve both for cooking and for heating the house, and the utilization to the best advantage of the heat that is ordinarily lost or wasted, and the consequent economy in fuel, together with the convenience with which the apparatus can be adapted to houses of various sizes, and to the varying conditions of the weather.

I am aware that it is not new to make a fire-box or its linings adj nstable to vary its size to a limited degree or to make ventilated ovens, and also that various efforts have been made to connect water-coils and boilers with a range for heating purposes; but I am not aware of any constructed like mine or that has proven successful in pratical operation.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim is- 1. A combined cooking and water-heating apparatus having the rear wall of its fire-box arranged to be moved forward or back in a right line, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, in a cooking and waterheating apparatus, of the rear wall of the firebox arranged to slide forward and back, the elevated oven F. with its heat-flue J, having a damper 0 arranged therein, and the draftopening d in the rear wall of said flue, with a damper for closing the same, substantially as shown and described. 31 In combination with the elevated oven F, one or more pipes f, arranged within the heat-flue and having one end opening into the oven, with the other end opening out through the front wall above the top plate of the fire-box, said oven having one or more openings g in its top, as set forth.

4. In combination with the adjustable brick or rear wall of the fire-box, the depending ears or lugs Z for moving or adjusting the same, as set forth.

5. In combination, a cooking-range and a water-heater composed of hollow side walls having rows of horizontal tubes a connected thereto, with the baffle-plates 'm, arranged substantially as shown and described.

6. A water-heater for use in connection with a cook stove or range composed of side walls having water-spaces therein and a series of horizontal tubes connected thereto at one end and; having their opposite ends closed, the rows of tubes projecting from one side wall being located at diiferent heights from the rows projecting from the opposite side Wall, whereby the said horizontal rows are made to overlap one another, and thereby produce a direct and continuous zigzag flue for the passage of heat and smoke, substantially as shown and described.

7. In a water-heater, the combination of the Vertical water-chamber, the horizontal tubes at, having their free ends closed, and the circulating-tubes 0, having their outer ends bent at an angle and placed within the tubes a, substantially as shown and described.

8. A sectional Water-heater composed of a series of vertical tubes connected together and provided with a series of horizontallyprojecting Water-tubes n, with openings at the bottom for the admission of water and at the top for the expulsion of the same, the horizontal tubes being arranged in horizontal rows, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In witness whereof I hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

ALBERT P. BROOMELL.

lVitnesses:

DAVID O. PRINCE, GEORGE H. SCHASZBERGER. 

